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S troke is the leading cause of long-term disability in the United States, 67 with a projected prevalence of 3.4 million by 2030 67 and an annual cost of approximately $34 billion. 67 Treatment options include intravenous tissue plasminogen activator and endovascular thrombolysis but are limited to ischemicstrokeand a narrow administration window. From a basic science perspective, numerous experimental therapies have shown success in the laboratory, yet none have successfully reached the clinic. 107 Neuroprotective strategies, including glutamate

S troke remains the number 1 cause of disability and the 3rd leading cause of death among Americans each year. The incidence ofstrokein the US is 730,000 new or recurrent cases ofstroke/year with an estimated 6,000,000strokesurvivors. According to the National Institutes of Health, the estimated direct and indirect costs related tostrokefor 2007 total $62.7 billion. Despite the significant socioeconomic burden attributed tostroke, there are no therapeutic approaches currently available besides thrombolytic treatments, which have a narrow time

日期,体温过低p是唯一的治疗模式roven to have neuroprotective effects in clinical trials of global cerebral ischemia such as cardiac arrest 1 , 17 , 22 and newborn hypoxic encephalopathy. 40 These findings have generated enthusiasm for the use of hypothermia as a neuroprotectant in focal ischemicstroke．然而,成功实现40到目前为止has been marred by clinical trials with small sample size, prolonged time to intervention, and concern for potential side effects. In the following article we explore the current development of

Grade III, intracranial hemorrhage requiring neurosurgical intervention or resulting in death as a direct result of AHT. Using our AHT database, we first reviewed the imaging reports of all children to identify those with a definite or suspected a CVA. The diagnosis of CVA or astroke-like finding is well established on MRI as an area of brain parenchyma that is hyperintense on DWI and correspondingly hypointense on the ADC map. For those cases in which CT was the only imaging modality, astrokewas diagnosed as a hypodense region that was not considered to be

plans for a post-WWII planet. Within 20 years of this conference, all of these men had died. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yalta_Conference#mediaviewer/File:Yalta_Conference_(Churchill,_Roosevelt,_Stalin)_(B%26W).jpg . Public domain. Within 20 years after this historic agreement, all 3 major participants had died of astroke．15 , 26 , 43 The first of these deadlystrokes—that of Roosevelt—would prove to be among the most consequential in human history, as subsequent interactions between the succeeding Truman administration and Stalin's Soviet Union were

exclusive to adult patients. 1 , 3 , 4 , 11 , 22 A cerebrovascular accident (CVA), also referred to as an ischemicstroke, is a perioperative complication of particular interest. Astrokecan cause neurological deficits, seizures, or medical complications, resulting in increased hospital length of stay, increased need for rehabilitative services, and overall higher healthcare costs. McCutcheon et al. identified a 30-day rate of 8.6% of “major neurologic complications” (defined in the adult NSQIP dataset as “coma orstroke”) after clipping of an unruptured aneurysm. 18

C erebrovascular ischemia, orstroke, affects up to 800,000 US individuals yearly and is a leading cause of disability, costing $34 billion per year in health care expenses, disability, and lost productivity. 109 Although there have been significant advances in intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) and mechanical thrombectomy approaches, there remains a significant need for additional neuroprotective and neuroregenerative therapies. 74 , 109 , 136 Neuroprotection involves strategies to interrupt the cascade of cell injury leading to infarction

C erebrovascular disease, including acute ischemicstroke, remains a major public health problem in the US 33 and throughout the world. 5 There has been a concerted effort to apply evidence-based practices tostrokecare to improve primary and secondary prevention as well as poststroke outcomes. One facet of this effort includes the development and accreditation of acutestroke–ready hospitals, and primary and comprehensivestrokecenters, which have been demonstrated to improvestrokecare. 21 , 27 The prompt and guideline-based administration of an