Search Results

Object

Lenticulostriate artery (LSA) aneurysms are rarely reported in the literature, making management decisions challenging. Conservative, endovascular, and surgical treatments have been described primarily through case reports and reports of individual authors' experiences. The purpose of this study is to report neurological outcomes in a single-institution experience of ruptured lenticulostriate aneurysms treated surgically.

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The authors have conducted a retrospective review of all cases involving patients with ruptured LSA aneurysms who presented to the Mt. Sinai Hospital neurosurgical service between September 2001 and January 2007.

Results

Over 5.4 years, the authors treated 6 patients with 7 LSA aneurysms—6 ruptured and 1 unruptured. The Hunt and Hess grade on admission ranged from I to IV, with subarachnoid hemorrhage in 5 of the 6 patients. Catheter angiography confirmed the presence of the aneurysms, and all patients underwent a pterional craniotomy and clipping or resection of the aneurysm, performed by a single surgeon.

Associated risk factors in our series of patients included hypertension, cocaine abuse, and intracranial occlusive disease suggestive of moyamoya disease. Two types of LSA aneurysms were identified. The mean size of the 6 ruptured aneurysms was 3.2 mm. The LSA was preserved in 3 of 6 patients, but LSA preservation did not correlate with development of a postoperative infarct, clinically or radiologically. In patients with ruptured aneurysms, the mean modified Rankin Scale score at discharge was 1.7. The 3 patients in whom the LSA was sacrificed had good outcomes, suggesting that loss of the artery is clinically well tolerated.

Conclusions

This case series demonstrates that surgical treatment of ruptured LSA aneurysms can be an appropriate, effective, and safe therapy.

OBJECTIVE

Metabolite profiling (or metabolomics) can identify candidate biomarkers for disease and potentially uncover new pathways for intervention. The goal of this study was to identify potential biomarkers of functional outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

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The authors performed high-throughput metabolite profiling across a broad spectrum of chemical classes (163 metabolites) on plasma samples taken from 191 patients with SAH who presented to Massachusetts General Hospital between May 2011 and October 2016. Samples were drawn at 3 time points following ictus: 0–5, 6–10, and 11–14 days. Elastic net (EN) and LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) machine learning analyses were performed to identify metabolites associated with 90-day functional outcomes as assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Additional univariate and multivariate analyses were then conducted to further examine the relationship between metabolites and clinical variables and 90-day functional outcomes.

RESULTS

One hundred thirty-seven (71.7%) patients with aneurysmal SAH met the criteria for inclusion. A good functional outcome (mRS score 0–2) at 90 days was found in 79 (57.7%) patients. Patients with good outcomes were younger (p = 0.002), had lower admission Hunt and Hess grades (p < 0.0001) and modified Fisher grades (p < 0.0001), and did not develop hydrocephalus (p < 0.0001) or delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) (p = 0.049). EN and LASSO machine learning methods identified taurine as the leading metabolite associated with 90-day functional outcome (p<0.0001). Plasma concentrations of the amino acid taurine from samples collected between days 0 and 5 after aneurysmal SAH were 21.9% (p = 0.002) higher in patients with good versus poor outcomes. Logistic regression demonstrated that taurine remained a significant predictor of functional outcome (p = 0.013; OR 3.41, 95% CI 1.28–11.4), after adjusting for age, Hunt and Hess grade, modified Fisher grade, hydrocephalus, and DCI.

CONCLUSIONS

Elevated plasma taurine levels following aneurysmal SAH predict a good 90-day functional outcome. While experimental evidence in animals suggests that this effect may be mediated through downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, additional studies are required to validate this hypothesis in humans.

OBJECTIVE

Metabolite profiling (or metabolomics) can identify candidate biomarkers for disease and potentially uncover new pathways for intervention. The goal of this study was to identify potential biomarkers of functional outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

开云体育世界杯赔率

The authors performed high-throughput metabolite profiling across a broad spectrum of chemical classes (163 metabolites) on plasma samples taken from 191 patients with SAH who presented to Massachusetts General Hospital between May 2011 and October 2016. Samples were drawn at 3 time points following ictus: 0–5, 6–10, and 11–14 days. Elastic net (EN) and LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) machine learning analyses were performed to identify metabolites associated with 90-day functional outcomes as assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Additional univariate and multivariate analyses were then conducted to further examine the relationship between metabolites and clinical variables and 90-day functional outcomes.

RESULTS

One hundred thirty-seven (71.7%) patients with aneurysmal SAH met the criteria for inclusion. A good functional outcome (mRS score 0–2) at 90 days was found in 79 (57.7%) patients. Patients with good outcomes were younger (p = 0.002), had lower admission Hunt and Hess grades (p < 0.0001) and modified Fisher grades (p < 0.0001), and did not develop hydrocephalus (p < 0.0001) or delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) (p = 0.049). EN and LASSO machine learning methods identified taurine as the leading metabolite associated with 90-day functional outcome (p<0.0001). Plasma concentrations of the amino acid taurine from samples collected between days 0 and 5 after aneurysmal SAH were 21.9% (p = 0.002) higher in patients with good versus poor outcomes. Logistic regression demonstrated that taurine remained a significant predictor of functional outcome (p = 0.013; OR 3.41, 95% CI 1.28–11.4), after adjusting for age, Hunt and Hess grade, modified Fisher grade, hydrocephalus, and DCI.

CONCLUSIONS

Elevated plasma taurine levels following aneurysmal SAH predict a good 90-day functional outcome. While experimental evidence in animals suggests that this effect may be mediated through downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, additional studies are required to validate this hypothesis in humans.

OBJECTIVE

Several grading systems for procedural risk in the endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have been proposed, including the Buffalo, Puerto Rico, and AVM embocure scoring systems. The authors sought to validate these systems in an independent patient cohort and compare each system to the established Spetzler-Martin (SM) scale.

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One hundred four consecutive patients underwent adjunctive endovascular embolization of brain AVMs between 2002 and 2016 with the goal of reducing the surgical or hemorrhagic risk before definitive radiosurgical treatment. Baseline clinical and AVM characteristics, complications, and degree of AVM nidus reduction were obtained retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate comparisons and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed.

RESULTS

十大(9.6%)和16个小(15.4%)并发症s were encountered in 24 patients (23.1%). An arterial pedicle size < 1 mm (p = 0.001) and a greater number of pedicles (p = 0.039) were predictors of complication occurrence. Only the Buffalo score predicted the complication rate on univariate (p = 0.039) and multivariate (p = 0.001) analyses. ROC curve analysis revealed a greater area under the curve (AUC) of the Buffalo score (0.703) compared to the Puerto Rico score (p = 0.028), AVM embocure score (AVMES; p = 0.010), and SM grade (SMG; p = 0.030). The Buffalo score, Puerto Rico score, and AVMES but not the SMG predicted > 85% nidus reduction. The AUCs for the different scoring systems were not significantly different.

CONCLUSIONS

The major complication rate of 9.6% is within the range of rates reported in the literature and emphasizes that brain AVM embolization is not a low-risk procedure. The Buffalo score but not the Puerto Rico score, AVMES, or SMG predicted the endovascular procedural risk. All three endovascular scores but not the SMG predicted a > 85% nidus reduction rate in this cohort embolized as part of a multimodal AVM treatment.