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Stereotactic gamma knife surgery for trigeminal neuralgia: detailed analysis of treatment response

Rabih G. Tawk Departments of Neurosurgery, Radiation Oncology, Radiation Physics, and Diagnostic Radiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute and State University of New York School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York

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Mary Duffy-Fronckowiak Departments of Neurosurgery, Radiation Oncology, Radiation Physics, and Diagnostic Radiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute and State University of New York School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York

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Bryan E. Scott Departments of Neurosurgery, Radiation Oncology, Radiation Physics, and Diagnostic Radiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute and State University of New York School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York

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Ronald A. Alberico Departments of Neurosurgery, Radiation Oncology, Radiation Physics, and Diagnostic Radiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute and State University of New York School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York

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Aidnag Z. Diaz Departments of Neurosurgery, Radiation Oncology, Radiation Physics, and Diagnostic Radiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute and State University of New York School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York

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Matthew B. Podgorsak Departments of Neurosurgery, Radiation Oncology, Radiation Physics, and Diagnostic Radiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute and State University of New York School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York

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Robert J. Plunkett Departments of Neurosurgery, Radiation Oncology, Radiation Physics, and Diagnostic Radiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute and State University of New York School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York

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Robert A. Fenstermaker Departments of Neurosurgery, Radiation Oncology, Radiation Physics, and Diagnostic Radiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute and State University of New York School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York

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Object.The purpose of this study was to assess the durability and completeness of pain relief in patients treated using stereotactic gamma knife surgery (GKS) for trigeminal neuralgia (TN).

Methods.38例难治性TN患者胎面ted with stereotactic GKS. All patients received a prescription radiation dose of 35, 40, or 45 Gy to the 50% isodose surface through a 4-mm collimator helmet. The group was assessed regularly based on physician-directed interviews for a median follow up of 24 months (range 6–27 months). Pain relief was classified as excellent (no pain without medication), good (well-controlled pain with continued medication), fair (decreased but residual pain with continued medication), or poor (unimproved or increased pain with the same or increased medication).

Three months after treatment, pain relief was good or excellent in 71% of patients. By 24 months post-GKS, 50% of the original cohort had poor pain relief, 21% continued to have either excellent or good relief, 3% had fair relief, and 26% had not reached the 24-month follow up. Based on their status at the last follow up, 29% of patients had excellent and 16% had good pain relief. Thirty-seven percent experienced facial numbness, which was dose related. In addition, there was a significantly higher rate of complete pain relief in patients who had facial numbness following treatment (p = 0.003).

Conclusions.Stereotactic GKS is an effective treatment in patients with TN; however, the durability of pain relief and the time to treatment response are limiting factors. As with other types of ablative treatment, facial numbness is strongly associated with better treatment response.

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