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  • Author or Editor: Arsalaan Salehanix
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Management of a cervical spine neurenteric cyst via an anterior surgical approach: illustrative case

Arsalaan Salehani, Sasha Howell, and Daniel Harmon

BACKGROUND

Central nervous system neurenteric cysts (NCs) represent a rare entity thought to arise from failure of the separation of endodermal and neuroectodermal elements during week 3 of embryogenesis. They account for 0.7–1.3% of all spinal cord lesions and are typically intradural extramedullary lesions located near the cervicothoracic junction. Most NCs are associated with multisystem malformation disorders, making a solitary extramedullary NC a rare entity.

OBSERVATIONS

A 45-year-old man presented with progressive right lower-extremity weakness and an inability to walk. Cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an approximately 1.6 × 1.1 × 2.7–cm, T2 hyperintense, nonenhancing, intradural, extramedullary cystic lesion at the level of C6–7 eccentric to the right with atrophy of the spinal cord. An anterior surgical approach was used for resection of the cyst in totality with C6–7 corpectomies and anterior plating and fixation from C5 to T1. Postoperatively at 1 month, the patient denied any significant neck or arm pain and demonstrated improving right lower-extremity strength, allowing some funcitonal independence.

LESSONS

A solitary, extramedullary cervical NC is a rare entity, with a posterior surgical approach for resection primarily described in the literature. The authors present anterior corpectomy and plating with fixation as a viable surgical approach for this rare pathology.

InJournal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons Volume 1: Issue 5 (Feb 2021)

Free access

Psychological comorbidities in pediatric neurosurgery: an opportunity to improve care

Kathrin Zimmerman, Nathan A. Shlobin, Arsalaan Salehani, and Brandon G. Rocque

InJournal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics Volume 29: Issue 3 (Mar 2022)

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Pediatric herniated lumbar disc: a population-based risk factor analysis

Jacob R. Lepard, Kathrin D. Zimmerman, Anastasia A. Arynchyna, Jessica A. Gutman, Arsalaan A. Salehani, Brandon G. Rocque, and Curtis J. Rozzelle

OBJECTIVE

Surgical treatment of herniated lumbar disc (HLD) remains rare in children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate for potential disease risk factors leading to surgery based on a large single-center experience.

开云体育世界杯赔率

Data for all patients who had undergone surgical treatment for HLD between December 2008 and December 2016 at a single pediatric tertiary care referral center were collected and compared to data for a healthy control population obtained through a Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) survey in order to determine relevant disease risk factors. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the effect of potential risk factors.

RESULTS

27名患者在疾病组和5212 healthy controls from the general population were included in the risk factor analysis. The mean body mass index was significantly higher in the disease population (30.2 vs 24.0 kg/m2, p < 0.0001). Children who had undergone microdiscectomy were more likely to be obese (OR 7.4, 95% CI 3.46–15.8, p < 0.001). No association was found between lumbar microdiscectomy and sports participation (OR 1.0, 95% CI −0.002 to 0.005, p = 0.37).

CONCLUSIONS

Microdiscectomy remains a viable and safe option in the setting of failed conservative management for pediatric HLD. Childhood obesity is a risk factor for HLD and many other diseases, which increases its importance as a public health priority.

InJournal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics Volume 25: Issue 3 (Mar 2020)

Open access

Community-engaged research: a powerful tool to reduce health disparities and improve outcomes in pediatric neurosurgery

Kathrin Zimmerman, Arsalaan Salehani, Nathan A. Shlobin, Gabriela R. Oates, Gail Rosseau, Brandon G. Rocque, Sandi Lam, and Jeffrey P. Blount

InJournal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics Volume 30: Issue 3 (Sep 2022)

Free access

Morphological characteristics of symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid webs

Borna Ethan Tabibian, Matthew Parr, Arsalaan Salehani, Anil Mahavadi, Sage Rahm, Manmeet Kaur, Sasha Howell, Jesse G. Jones, Elizabeth Liptrap, and Mark R. Harrigan

OBJECTIVE

Carotid webs (CWs) are an increasingly recognized source of recurrent stroke among young patients without conventional vascular risk factors. There have been no previous studies demonstrating that specific web morphological characteristics correlate with a higher stroke risk. The authors aim to report distinct morphological features of symptomatic and asymptomatic CWs.

开云体育世界杯赔率

The authors performed a cross-sectional study of patients with CWs detected on CT angiography (CTA) of the neck. Patients were categorized based on whether or not they presented with stroke ipsilaterally and if it was likely to be attributable to their web. The following CW morphological variables were recorded and compared based on CTA: length, thickness, angle, and the proportion of carotid bulb lumen occupied by the web (web-to-bulb ratio [WBR]).

RESULTS

A total of 86 CWs were identified, 14 of which presented with stroke (16.3%). Patients presenting with stroke had webs that were significantly longer (4.18 mm vs 2.20 mm, p = 0.001) and were situated at more acute angles relative to the carotid wall (73.2° vs 94.9°, p = 0.004). Additionally, patients presenting with stroke had higher WBRs compared to the asymptomatic cohort (0.50 vs 0.36, p = 0.008). The optimal threshold associated with stroke was web length ≥ 3.1 mm (OR 15.2, 95% CI 3.73–61.8; p < 0.001), web angle ≤ 90.1° (OR 5.00, 95% CI 1.42–17.6; p = 0.012), and WBR ≥ 0.50 (OR 30.0, 95% CI 5.94–151; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with CWs that occupy more than half of the diameter of the carotid bulb lumen and are situated at acute angles relative to the carotid wall are more likely to present with acute ischemic stroke. Additional studies are needed to determine the long-term outcomes of these lesions.

InJournal of Neurosurgery Volume 137: Issue 6 (Dec 2022)

Restricted access

Does subtotal resection ameliorate hypothalamic morbidity in pediatric craniopharyngioma? A 30-year retrospective cohort study

Omer K. Yousuf, Arsalaan Salehani, Kathrin Zimmerman, Dagoberto Estevez-Ordonez, Casey Madura, Anastasia Arynchyna-Smith, James M. Johnston, Curtis J. Rozzelle, Brandon G. Rocque, and Jeffrey P. Blount

OBJECTIVE

The optimal extent of resection of craniopharyngiomas to minimize the long-term risks of hypothalamic and endocrine dysfunction (obesity and panhypopituitarism) in children remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to report long-term outcomes of pediatric patients with craniopharyngioma undergoing surgical treatment and to study rates of endocrinological and hypothalamic dysfunction in association with extent of resection.

开云体育世界杯赔率

This retrospective study was performed in a cohort of children who underwent resection for craniopharyngioma at Children’s of Alabama between 1990 and 2020. The primary outcome was hypothalamic dysfunction defined as a 0.5 increase in body mass index (BMI) Z-score and as a BMI > 2 SDs with or without psychiatric disturbances. Univariable analysis was performed using ANOVA, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Pearson’s chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Missing data on the primary outcome were handled via multiple imputations. Relative risks were estimated using a multivariable generalized linear model with a priori variables selected using a modified Poisson regression approach with robust error variance to estimate risk ratios.

RESULTS

队列包括39例(24女孩和15 boys; age range 1 month–16 years) who underwent resection of craniopharyngioma at the authors’ center between 1990 and 2020. The preoperative goal of treatment was cyst decompression (CD) in 5, subtotal resection (STR) in 13, and gross-total resection (GTR) in 21 patients. The median long-term follow-up after surgery was 8.11 years (average 8.21, range 0.4–24.33 years). Univariate analysis demonstrated a statistically significant increase in hypothalamic dysfunction in patients undergoing GTR when compared to those undergoing STR or CD at 1 month postoperatively (p = 0.006) and 6–11 months postoperatively (p = 0.010), but with this difference not persisting beyond 1 year. Multivariable analysis showed patients older than 10 years at time of surgery to be the most affected and at highest risk of developing significant hypothalamic dysfunction. There was no significant difference in pituitary or neurological function between the STR/CD and GTR groups at 12–24 months or at most recent follow-up. There was no significant difference in BMI Z-scores between the STR/CD and GTR groups at 6–12 months or at most recent follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

Both STR and GTR of craniopharyngioma were associated with significant endocrinological sequelae after 1 year. These potential complications should be discussed with patients and their families, and postoperative protocols should include early nutritional and endocrinological interventions with endocrinologist consultation.

InJournal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics Publish Before Print

Free access

管道栓塞井斜ce: a decade of lessons learned in the treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms in a multicenter cohort

Adam A. Dmytriw, Mahmoud Dibas, Nimer Adeeb, Mohamed M. Salem, Arsalaan Salehani, Muhammad Waqas, Amro Saad Aldine, Vincent M. Tutino, Christopher S. Ogilvy, Adnan H. Siddiqui, Mark R. Harrigan, Ajith J. Thomas, Hugo Cuellar, and Christoph J. Griessenauer

OBJECTIVE

管道栓塞井斜ce (PED) has prompted a paradigm shift in the approach to posterior circulation aneurysms. The year 2021 marks a decade since FDA approval of this flow diverter, and during this time operators have adapted to its off-label uses. The authors examined whether case selection, practice trends, and patient outcomes have changed over this 10-year period.

开云体育世界杯赔率

This study is a retrospective review of consecutive posterior circulation aneurysms managed with the PED at four academic institutions in the US between January 1, 2011, and January 1, 2021. Factors related to case selection, rates of aneurysm occlusion, or complications were identified and evaluated. Angiographic outcomes as well as thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications were investigated.

RESULTS

This study included 117 patients (median age 60 years). At a median follow-up of 12 months, adequate occlusion (> 90%) was attained in 73.2% of aneurysms. Aneurysm occlusion rates were similar over the study interval. Thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications were reported in 12.0% and 6.0% of the procedures, respectively. There was a nonsignificant trend toward a decline in the rate of thromboembolic (14.1% in 2011–2015 vs 9.4% in 2016–2021, p = 0.443) and hemorrhagic (9.4% in 2011–2015 vs 1.9% in 2016–2021, p = 0.089) complications.

CONCLUSIONS

The authors observed a trend toward a decline in the rate of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications with improved operator experience in using the PED for posterior circulation aneurysms. The use of single-device PED flow diversion significantly increased, as did the tendency to treat smaller aneurysms and observe large unruptured fusiform/dolichoectatic lesions. These findings reflect changes attributable to evolving judgment with maturing experience in PED use.

InJournal of Neurosurgery Volume 137: Issue 5 (Nov 2022)

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