C linically , there appears to be a significant reduction in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) formation during acute ventriculitis. This phenomenon has been observed by one of the authors (J.G.McC.) in infants with Gram-negative ventriculitis undergoing external ventricular drainage. To examine this phenomenon, the current study was designed to measureCSFproduction rates in a rabbit model of acute Escherichia coli ventriculitis. Materials and Methods Studies on the production ofCSFwere undertaken in 33 adult New Zealand White rabbits, each weighing between
Robert E. Breeze, J. Gordon McComb, Shigeyo Hyman, and Floyd H. Gilles
Tiit Mathiesen, Dietmar Fuchs, Helmut Wachter, and Hans von Holst
(CNS). Neopterin is produced by macrophages in response to γ-interferon, synthesized by activated T cells. It is regarded as a marker of T cell activation in serum 5 or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). 2 3 Clinical Material and Methods Serum andCSFsamples were obtained at 3-day intervals from 14 patients with a diagnosis of SAH based on computerized tomography (CT) and/or lumbar puncture ( Table 1 ). Two patients suffered intracerebral hemorrhage with secondary bleeding into the subarachnoid space, and one sustained traumatic SAH. Eight patients had aneurysmal
Mohammed H. Alomari, Mohamed M. Shahin, Steven J. Fishman, Cindy L. Kerr, Edward R. Smith, Whitney Eng, Melisa Ruiz-Gutierrez, Denise M. Adams, Darren B. Orbach, Gulraiz Chaudry, Raja Shaikh, Rush Chewning, and Ahmad I. Alomari
B lue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS), also known as Bean syndrome, is a rare disorder of multifocal venous malformations (MVMs) involving the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, skin, subcutis, muscles, and viscera. GI involvement, the hallmark of BRBNS, usually presents with chronic bleeding, iron-deficiency anemia, and abdominal pain. 1 – 3 MVM refers to a related disorder lacking GI involvement. Both entities are caused by somatic mutations in TEK , an angiopoietin receptor gene encoding TIE2. 4 The most common etiology of aCSFleak is a traumatic
Pietro Paoletti, Paolo Gaetani, Guido Grignani, Lucia Pacchiarini, Vittorio Silvani, and Riccardo Rodriguez y Baena
present study was to measure cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of immunoreactive-like activity of the leukotriene C 4 (i-LTC 4 ) in patients admitted with a diagnosis of aneurysmal SAH and to discuss the possible role of leukotrienes in the pathophysiological aspects of the disease. Clinical Material and Methods Patient Population Lumbar and cisternalCSFsamples were collected from 61 selected good-risk patients with SAH. Clinical diagnosis was made by means of computerized tomography (CT) and lumbar puncture. Clinical assessment was performed according to
Zofia Czosnyka, Marek Czosnyka, and John D. Pickard
We have read the paper by Lenfeldt and colleagues (Lenfeldt N, Andersson N, Agren-Wilsson A, Bergenheim AT, Koskinen LOD, Eklund A: Cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure method: a possible substitute for the examination of B waves. J Neurosurg 101: 944–950, December, 2004) with great interest. The problem of an agreement between ICP parameters derived from long-term monitoring andCSFinfusion testing is important because in several institutions these two methods are used alternatively. In those patients in whom an infusion test was inconclusive we performed
Michael Hugelshofer, Nicolas Olmo Koechlin, Hani J. Marcus, Ralf A. Kockro, and Robert Reisch
N euroendoscopy is widely accepted as a safe and effective treatment modality for intraventricular cystic lesions in modern neurosurgery. 2 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 14 , 15 , 17–20 , 23 In cases of suspected malignancy the indications for neuroendoscopy are still contentious, although there may be a role in tumor biopsy, cytoreduction, and the management of secondary hydrocephalus. 2 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 14 , 18 , 20 , 23 In benign disease such asCSFcysts, however, neuroendoscopic approaches may be curative. 2 , 8 , 9 , 15 , 17 , 19 Although usually termedCSFor
Darwin J. Ferry Jr., Ronald Gooding, Jim C. Standefer, and G. Michael Wiese
P antopaque * myelography has become a routine procedure over the past 30 years. Early reports covering large series have stressed safety and lack of side effects. 6, 11, 15 Scattered reports of arachnoiditis secondary to Pantopaque myelography have also appeared. 5, 7, 10, 12, 18, 19 Peacher and Robertson 13 studied the effect of myelography onCSFpressure, total protein and cell count in 60 patients, finding variable transitory changes most often in the first week following the study. Davies 4 studied the clinical effect of retained contrast medium and
Eisha A. Christian, Jeffrey J. Quezada, Edward F. Melamed, Carolyn Lai, and J. Gordon McComb
U p until approximately 50 years ago, shuntingCSFto the right atrium of the heart was the most common distal site forCSF转移,it was the most successful. 1–3 Ventriculoatrial (VA) shunts have almost completely been supplanted by ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts, as the latter are technically easier to insert and distally revise, and they are associated with less-severe complications than VA shunts, although the incidence of complications for the two shunt types is similar. 4–7 Moreover, VA shunts placed in infants and children need to be
Hart Schutz, Karel G. Ter Brugge, Ming C. Chiu, Angele Mongul, and Ferelith Taylor
C linical status and computerized tomography (CT) scanning are the most convenient methods of assessing patency of a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt. When either of these methods is not conclusive, then other means of ascertaining shunt function may be necessary. Such methods include: injection of contrast medium or radioactive substances into the flushing device; 1, 2 digital compression of the flushing device to determine response; assessment of flow by Doppler ultrasound methods; 3 temperature change determinations in a flowingCSFcolumn; 4 and a lumbar
Chiari malformation and syringomyelia
JNSPG 75th Anniversary Invited Review Article
Langston T. Holly and Ulrich Batzdorf
,” a condition in which some manifestations of the typical Chiari anomaly, notably syringomyelia, result from a process of cranialCSFflow impairment at the craniocervical junction other than tonsillar descent, such as membrane formation. 70 The justification for using the term “Chiari” is that surgical treatment for these patients is similar to that used for Chiari type I abnormalities. FIG. 1. Sagittal T2-weighted MR image of a 32-year-old woman with Chiari type 1.5 anomaly who presented with severe headaches, spastic quadriparesis, and significant bulbar
