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Letter to the Editor. The value of an engaged endocrine practice may outweigh patient factors

Jamie J. Van Gompel Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

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John L. D. Atkinson Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

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Garret Choby Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

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Irina Bancos Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

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Caroline J. Davidge-Pitts Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

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Dana Erickson Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

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TO THE EDITOR: We enjoyed the paper written by Mr. Yu and co-authors1under Drs. Farrell and Evans’s tutelage (Yu S, Taghvaei M, Collopy S, et al. Evaluation of early postoperative day 1 discharge after endoscopic endonasal pituitary adenoma resection.J Neurosurg. Published online October 15, 2021. doi:10.3171/2021.5.JNS2185). We agree that discharge on postoperative day 1 (POD 1) following pituitary adenoma resection should be the norm and not the exception, as in our recent paper published inMayo Clinic Proceedings我们报道,82%的豆荚1放电君威rdless of endoscopic or microscopic approach in a large cohort overlapping with this study. The average length of stay in our study was 1.3 ± 0.04 days; in 78% of the microscopic and 85% of the endoscopic pituitary adenoma cases, the patients were discharged on POD 1.2Compared to the POD 1 group from this paper, our overall 30-day readmission rates were similar for the whole group, at 3.4%.2In this current paper focusing on patient factors associated with successful early discharge, we did not see a well-delineated description of perhaps the most important piece of the puzzle—namely engaged outpatient endocrine support.

我们的实践是一个多学科小组练习with interconnected specialty teams. What is critical to success of our POD 1 discharges is a 24-hour call-in service from neurosurgery, ENT, and endocrinology specialties as well as quality, clear communication to the patient about the postoperative plan. We have found it critical to have an engaged endocrinology group that evaluates the patients as outpatients on POD 1. This early follow-up further informs management of urgent postoperative endocrine issues such as diabetes insipidus and adrenal insufficiency. Additionally, this visit provides an opportunity for important postoperative education and ensures that follow-up laboratory tests and imaging are ordered. We would welcome the authors to expand upon this paper by describing how endocrine support had changed over the course of their study and how it plays a role in allowing for early discharge. In the end we believe that safe discharge of patients can occur on POD 1 regardless of intraoperative CSF leaks or functional tumor status—however, diabetes insipidus may impact early discharge in all studies. In order to get from 48% to 82% of patients dismissed on POD 1, the key is an integrated outpatient plan to manage these patients.

Disclosures

Dr. Bancos is a consultant for HRA Pharma, Corcept, Recordati, Sparrow, Spruce, and Adrenas.

References

  • 1

    YuS,TaghvaeiM,CollopyS,et al.Evaluation of early postoperative day 1 discharge after endoscopic endonasal pituitary adenoma resection.J Neurosurg. Published online October 15, 2021.doi:10.3171/2021.5.JNS2185

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    Van GompelJJ,AtkinsonJLD,ChobyG,et al.Pituitary tumor surgery: comparison of endoscopic and microscopic techniques at a single center.Mayo Clinic Proc.2021;96(8):20432057.

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Siyuan Yu Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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Mohammad Taghvaei Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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Sarah Collopy Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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Keenan Piper Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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Michael Karsy Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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Pascal Lavergne Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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Blair Barton Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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Chandala Chitguppi Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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Glen D’Souza Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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Marc R. Rosen Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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Gurston G. Nyquist Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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Mindy Rabinowitz Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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Christopher J. Farrell Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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James J. Evans Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

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Response

We thank Drs. Van Gompel, Choby, and colleagues for their comments. Their study of 534 patients undergoing resection of pituitary tumors—273 microsurgical and 261 endoscopic approaches—showed that 82% of patients were discharged on POD 1 (mean length of stay 1.3 ± 0.04 days).1Postoperative CSF leak (2.1%), 30-day readmission (3.4%), readmission for hyponatremia (1.3%), new anterior pituitary deficit (8.0%), and new permanent diabetes insipidus (2.8%) rates were quite reasonable.

Our results in 726 patients showed that 25% of patients were discharged on POD 1 from the overall cohort spanning from 2005 to 2020, and 48% had a POD 1 discharge in our most recent cohort from 2016 to 2020. We have taken a methodical approach to POD 1 discharge to minimize the number of readmissions. A deeper dive into patients with POD > 1 discharge demonstrated that these individuals were more likely to have an intraoperative CSF leak or transient diabetes insipidus. In fact, in Fig. 1, although most patients were discharged by 2 days, some outliers stayed anywhere from 5 to 10 days.

Van Gompel et al. indicate that close endocrinology follow-up is critical to improve patient discharge and avoid readmission. This is without question an important aspect. Indeed, some facilities have attempted same-day discharge for pituitary adenoma patients by using close endocrinological management.2,3However, other key factors impacting length of stay include patient expectation, family support, and socioeconomic status. One must contrast these differences between the rural population of Rochester, Minnesota, with the urban population of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Another controversial management strategy is the use of postoperative fluid restriction to reduce risks of delayed symptomatic hyponatremia, which we have reviewed (our unpublished data, 2021). In addition, many hospitals do not have the resources to hire a dedicated pituitary nurse; the prospect of further optimizing patient discharge after pituitary adenoma surgery will be constrained by the absence of infinite resources.

Our postoperative endocrinology follow-up is surprisingly similar. Tests for POD 1 cortisol, sodium, and specific gravity are administered, and patients without issue can be safely discharged if they wish. Education on endocrinological function is performed preoperatively and upon discharge. Patients follow up with their neurosurgeon in 1 week with a repeat cortisol and sodium test. Follow-up thereafter is with our local endocrinologist or the patient’s own endocrinologist. These follow-up times and laboratory tests have certainly been refined over time. We do hope that future studies will continue to refine criteria for early patient discharge.

References

  • 1

    VanGompel JJ,AtkinsonJLD,ChobyG,et al.Pituitary tumor surgery: comparison of endoscopic and microscopic techniques at a single center. Mayo Clin Proc.2021;96(8):20432057.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 2

    LiuY,ZhengT,LvW,et al.Ambulatory surgery protocol for endoscopic endonasal resection of pituitary adenomas: a prospective single-arm trial with initial implementation experience. Sci Rep.2020;10(1):9755.

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  • 3

    ThomasJG,GadgilN,SamsonSL,TakashimaM,YoshorD.Prospective trial of a short hospital stay protocol after endoscopic endonasal pituitary adenoma surgery.World Neurosurg.2014;81(3-4):576583.

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Illustration from Serrato-Avila (pp 1410–1423). Copyright Johns Hopkins University, Art as Applied to Medicine. Published with permission.

  • 1

    YuS,TaghvaeiM,CollopyS,et al.Evaluation of early postoperative day 1 discharge after endoscopic endonasal pituitary adenoma resection.J Neurosurg. Published online October 15, 2021.doi:10.3171/2021.5.JNS2185

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 2

    Van GompelJJ,AtkinsonJLD,ChobyG,et al.Pituitary tumor surgery: comparison of endoscopic and microscopic techniques at a single center.Mayo Clinic Proc.2021;96(8):20432057.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 1

    VanGompel JJ,AtkinsonJLD,ChobyG,et al.Pituitary tumor surgery: comparison of endoscopic and microscopic techniques at a single center. Mayo Clin Proc.2021;96(8):20432057.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 2

    LiuY,ZhengT,LvW,et al.Ambulatory surgery protocol for endoscopic endonasal resection of pituitary adenomas: a prospective single-arm trial with initial implementation experience. Sci Rep.2020;10(1):9755.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 3

    ThomasJG,GadgilN,SamsonSL,TakashimaM,YoshorD.Prospective trial of a short hospital stay protocol after endoscopic endonasal pituitary adenoma surgery.World Neurosurg.2014;81(3-4):576583.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

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