Volume 26: Issue 2 (Aug 2020)
inJournal of Neurosurgery: PediatricsDiagram from Prolo et al. (pp 179–188).
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Abbas Rattani,Coleman P. Riordan,John G. Meara, andMark R. Proctor
In Brief
The authors compared outcomes of minimally invasive and open surgery in the correction of lambdoid craniosynostosis to address the paucity of available literature on this rare patient group. The authors found endoscopic suturectomy with helmet therapy to be more benign and efficient than open surgery, and equally safe and efficacious.
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Ema Zubovic,Gary B. Skolnick,Sybill D. Naidoo,Mark Bellanger,Matthew D. Smyth, andKamlesh B. Patel
In Brief
The authors present their surgical technique for endoscopic treatment of combined metopic-sagittal craniosynostosis and evaluate the head shape outcomes of 3 patients by using established measurements, comparing patients to normal controls before and after surgery. This study is the first to report outcomes of endoscopic treatment for this rare form of multisuture craniosynostosis, which is traditionally treated with 2 separate open cranial vault reconstructions.
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Ranbir Ahluwalia,Jarrett Foster,Madeleine M. Sherburn,Georgina E. Sellyn,Katherine A. Kelly,Muhammad Owais Abdul Ghani,Alyssa L. Wiseman,Chevis N. Shannon, andChristopher M. Bonfield
In Brief
The authors conducted a retrospective review of 1499 patients ≤ 19 years of age who presented for trauma evaluation with a negative CT scan. The authors determined the overall prevalence of brachycephaly and tried to demonstrate resolution over time. The cranial index (CI) was calculated using CT. Brachycephaly was defined as a CI ≥ 90%. The authors found that the incidence of deformational brachycephaly is common in infants but decreases as the child progresses through early childhood.
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David I. Sandberg,Natasha Kharas,Bangning Yu,Christopher F. Janssen,Amanda Trimble,Leomar Y. Ballester,Rajan Patel,Afroz S. Mohammad,William F. Elmquist, andRachael W. Sirianni
In Brief
在这项研究中,作者调查了安全and pharmacokinetics of direct infusion of the histone deacetylase inhibitor MTX110 (soluble panobinostat) into the fourth ventricle in a nonhuman primate model. Important findings were that MTX110 can be safely infused into the fourth ventricle in nonhuman primates without causing neurological deficits, abnormalities visible on brain MRI, or pathological evidence of brain or other organ injury. These results provide important background data for a pilot clinical trial of this chemotherapeutic agent in patients with recurrent medulloblastoma.
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Markus Bookland,Eileen Gillan,Xianyuan Song, andAntonina Kolmakova
In Brief
The authors evaluated blood and tumor tissue samples from pediatric patients with one of the 3 most common brain tumor types and looked for correlations between micro RNA (miRNA) expression levels in the two groups. This information is important in understanding the significance of blood-based miRNA tests in predicting brain tumor presence or behavior.
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Guilherme B. F. Porto,Cynthia T. Welsh,M. Imran Chaudry, andRamin Eskandari
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Alena Jahodová,Barbora Beňová,Martin Kudr,Petr Ježdík,Radek Janča,Anežka Bělohlávková,Petr Liby,Róbert Leško,Michal Tichý,Pavel Čelakovský, andPavel Kršek
In Brief
The authors developed and investigated a novel protocol for electrical stimulation mapping (ESM) for use in resective epilepsy surgery in children with focal intractable epilepsy. Although previous methods of ESM frequently fail in children, the authors found their method to be safe and reliable to use in children undergoing epilepsy surgery.
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Vincent C. Ye,Ashish H. Shah,Samir Sur,Justin K. Achua,Shelly Wang,George M. Ibrahim,Sanjiv Bhatia, andJohn Ragheb
In Brief
The authors reviewed the safety and efficacy of surgical treatment for epilepsy in infants. Their findings support the safety and efficacy of epilepsy surgery in infants, which may result in better long-term outcomes.
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Shawn R. Eagle,Anish Puligilla,Vanessa Fazio-Sumrok,Nathan Kegel,Michael W. Collins, andAnthony P. Kontos
In Brief
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of clinic presentation timing (≤ 7 days compared to 8–20 days from injury) in risk for prolonged recovery (> 30 days) in pediatric concussion. These findings highlight the importance of early, specialized medical care and intervention for children and adolescents with recent concussion.
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Theodore Hannah,Nickolas Dreher,Adam Y. Li,Dhruv S. Shankar,Ryan Adams,Alex Gometz,Mark R. Lovell, andTanvir F. Choudhri
In Brief
The authors measured concussion severity by comparing early concussion assessments to patients' baselines. These measurements of severity were then used to predict trends in recovery. Ultimately, patients will be able to calculate this marker of concussion severity for themselves and make inferences about their recovery based on similar injuries.
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Laura M. Prolo,Michael C. Jin,Tina Loven,Hannes Vogel,Michael S. B. Edwards,Gary K. Steinberg, andGerald A. Grant
In Brief
Pediatric cavernous malformations (CMs) are commonly treated vascular anomalies; however, the recurrence rate after resection and long-term risk of requiring subsequent surgeries are unknown. The authors found that patients who presented with a single CM and without acute hemorrhage are highly unlikely to require additional surgery, whereas patients who present with acute hemorrhage or with multiple CMs have a higher risk of requiring subsequent surgery and will continue to need close monitoring.
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Derek D. GeorgeandThomas S. Ridder
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Silky Chotai,Emily W. Chan,Travis R. Ladner,Andrew T. Hale,Stephen R. Gannon,Chevis N. Shannon,Christopher M. Bonfield,Robert P. Naftel, andJohn C. Wellons
In Brief
The time course of syrinx resolution after posterior fossa surgery is not well understood. However, understanding it is important because it will allow surgeons to determine the length of follow-up and the need for imaging follow-up, and because it will facilitate evidence-based discussions with the patient and family.
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C. Corbett Wilkinson,Cesar A. Serrano,Brooke M. French,Sarah J. Graber,Emily Schmidt-Beuchat,Ligia Batista-Silverman,Noah P. Hubbell, andNicholas V. Stence
In Brief
The authors investigated the fusion of "minor" lateral sutures (sphenoparietal, squamosal, parietomastoid) on 3D volume-rendered head CT reconstructions in a series of pediatric trauma patients to determine the normal course of fusion. They found that these sutures often fuse during childhood and adolescence in a typical sequence, such that fusion in most children and adolescents is normal, does not represent craniosynostosis, and does not require treatment, including surgery.
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Tetsuhiko Mimura,Shota Ikegami,Shugo Kuraishi,Masashi Uehara,Hiroki Oba,Takashi Takizawa,Ryo Munakata,Terue Hatakenaka,Michihiko Koseki, andJun Takahashi
In Brief
Using data obtained with the Scoliosis Research Society survey (SRS-22r), the authors investigated perioperative factors contributing to low self-image in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients despite preoperatively mild curves or postoperatively well-corrected main curves. Improved SRS-22r self-image scores were associated with posterior spinal fusion for AIS and perioperative apical vertebral translation of the main thoracic curve (moreso than the Cobb angle), and decreased scores with persistent curvature of the thoracolumbar/lumbar region and higher Risser grade 2 years postoperatively. Informing AIS patients preoperatively of the risk of residual lumbar curvature may help them better accept possible postoperative deformity.
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Han Yan,Nebras M. Warsi,Abhaya V. Kulkarni,James M. Drake, andGeorge M. Ibrahim
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